2016 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 (天津卷) 英语 笔试

单项填空

完形填空

完整原文

Cathy suffered some terrible illness in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she finally became healthy.

Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head- to be a swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to join our local swim team. She practiced hard and finally made it. The team practice, however was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly survive her first few weeks. Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to pull her from it all. But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit ready to go! I told her she shouldn't swim after a whole night's coughing, but she refused to give up and insisted she go.

From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didn't miss a single practice. She had a firm intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten-year-old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this determined human being with a passion and a mission. There were moments of frustration of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race. It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn't a winner ever. But that didn't stop her from trying.

Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn't expect any award but was still there to cheer on her friends and praise their accomplishments. As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach announcing "The highest honor goes to Cathy !" Looking around, he continued, "Cathy has inspired us with her will and enthusiasm. Although skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset (财富) one can hold is the heart."

It was the greatest moment of my daughter's life. With all she had been through in her ten years, this was the hour of true triumph (胜利).

全文中文翻译

Cathy小时候得了重病，多年的常规治疗之后，她终于健康了。

两年前，Cathy看奥运会的时候，她的小脑袋里有了一个梦想：当一个游泳运动员。去年夏天，她想加入我们当地的游泳队，她努力练习，最后成功了，但是，队伍的训练，一开始很艰难，她咳嗽，呛水，前几周几乎撑不过来。有天晚上听到她咳得很厉害，我决定把她拉出来，不让她练了，但是第二天早上，Cathy很早就叫醒我，穿着泳衣，准备好要去了！我告诉她，咳了一晚上，不该游泳了，但是她拒绝放弃，坚持要去。

从那天开始，Cathy一直游泳，一次训练都没错过，她心里有个坚定的想法，要做到最好，我的10岁的女儿，就在我眼前成长，变成了一个有决心的人，有热情，有目标。当然，也有挫败的时候，她经常是比赛最后一名，Cathy很难接受，她从来都不是赢家，但是那没阻止她尝试。

然后到了年底的颁奖仪式，Cathy没指望拿奖，但是她还是在那里，给朋友加油，赞美他们的成就。仪式快结束的时候，我突然听到主教练宣布：“最高荣誉给Cathy！”他环顾四周，继续说：“Cathy用她的意志和热情激励了我们，虽然技能和天赋带来成功，但是一个人最宝贵的财富，是心。”

这是我女儿人生里最棒的时刻，她这十年经历了这么多，这是真正胜利的时刻。

阅读理解 A

原文

A Language Programme for Teenagers

Welcome to Teenagers Abroad! We invite you to join us on an amazing journey of language learning.

Our Courses

Regardless of your choice of course, you'll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.

Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language, with focused teaching in all 4 skill areas - speaking, listening, reading and writing.

Our Intensive Course builds on our Standard Course, with 10 additional lessons per week, guaranteeing the fastest possible language learning (see table below).

Course Type	Days	Number of Lessons	Course Timetable
Standard Course	Mon-Fri	20 lessons	9:00-12:30
Intensive Course	Mon-Fri	20 lessons	9:00-12:30
		10 lessons	13:00-14:30

Evaluation

Students are placed into classes according to their current language skills. The majority of them take an online language test before starting their programme. However, if this is not available, students sit the exam on the first Monday of their course.

Learning materials are provided to students throughout their course, and there will never be more than 15 participants in each class.

Arrivals and Transfer

Our programme offers the full package — students are taken good care of from the start through to the very end. They are collected from the airport upon arrival and brought to their accommodation in comfort. We require the students' full flight details at least 4 weeks in advance.

Meals/Allergies(过敏) / Special Dietary Requirements

Students are provided with breakfast, dinner and either a cooked or packed lunch (which consists of a sandwich, a drink and a dessert). Snacks outside of mealtimes may be purchased by the student individually.

We ask that you let us know of any allergies or dietary requirements as well as information about any medicines you take. Depending on the type of allergies and / or dietary requirements, an extra charge may be made for providing special food.

原文逐段解析

1. Our Intensive Course builds on our Standard Course, with 10 additional lessons per week, guaranteeing the fastest possible language learning.

句型拆分：介绍强化课程，比标准课程多10节课。

中文翻译：我们的强化课程，是在标准课程的基础上，每周多10节课，保证最快的语言学习。

2. Students are placed into classes according to their current language skills. The majority of them take an online language test before starting their programme.

句型拆分：分班的规则，要先考试。

中文翻译：学生根据现在的语言水平分班，大部分人在开始项目之前，要做一个线上的语言测试，如果不行的话，第一周周一考试。

3. Our programme offers the full package — students are taken good care of from the start through to the very end. They are collected from the airport upon arrival and brought to their accommodation in comfort.

句型拆分：全包服务，从开始到结束都照顾你，机场接你到住处。

中文翻译：我们的项目是全包的，从开始到结束都照顾你，你到了之后，我们去机场接你，舒服地送到住处，我们需要你提前4周给我们你的航班信息。

4. Depending on the type of allergies and / or dietary requirements, an extra charge may be made for providing special food.

句型拆分：特殊饮食的话，可能要额外收费。

中文翻译：如果你有过敏或者特殊饮食要求，告诉我们，根据你的情况，特殊的食物可能要额外收费。

阅读理解 B

原文

Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in features but in footsteps. As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable. You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.

My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten. Science projects waited until the last moment. Book reports weren't written until the final threat.

I've been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master's degree in English. But Jody? When he entered the tenth grade he became a "vo-tech" student (技校学生). They're called "motorheads" by the rest of the student body.

When a secretary in my office first called him "motorhead", I was shocked. "Hey, he's a good kid," I wanted to say. "And smart, really."

I learned later that motorheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes. And they don't often make school honor rolls (光荣榜).

But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shirts in offices don't have the abilities that motorheads have. I began to learn this when I had my car crashed. The cost to repair it was estimated at $800. "Hey, I can fix it," said Jody. I doubted it, but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose.

My son, with other motorheads, fixed the car. They got parts (零件) from a junkyard, and ability from vo-tech classes. The cost was $25 instead of $800.

Since that first repair job, a broken air-conditioner, a non-functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him.

These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.

I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Most important, I have learned that fathers don't need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.

My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.

原文逐段解析

1. Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in features but in footsteps. You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for.

句型拆分：作者一开始的想法，想要儿子走自己的路。

中文翻译：每个男人都想要儿子有点像自己的克隆，不是长相，而是走自己的路，你年纪大了，你的野心实现不了了，你就想，你儿子走你的路，就能实现你没实现的。

2. But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shirts in offices don't have the abilities that motorheads have.

句型拆分：作者的感悟，技校的孩子有我们没有的能力。

中文翻译：但是做技校孩子的家长，本身就是一种教育，我们这些穿干净衬衫在办公室工作的人，没有他们的能力，我车撞了的时候，我才明白，修车要800，我儿子说他能修，我不信，但是让他试试，反正我也没损失。

3. Most important, I have learned that fathers don't need clones in footsteps or anywhere else. My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.

句型拆分：作者最后的感悟，不需要儿子走自己的路。

中文翻译：最重要的，我明白了，父亲不需要儿子克隆自己的路，我儿子可能永远上不了学校的光荣榜，但是他上了我的。

阅读理解 C

原文

When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.

These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. "Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society," said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery. "And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them."

Vaillant's study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men's mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.

The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.

Working — at any age — is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence — the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn't everything. As Tolstoy once said, "One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one's work."

原文逐段解析

1. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society.

句型拆分：研究的发现，小时候工作的人，人生更幸福。

中文翻译：研究发现，小时候工作过的人，比没工作过的，人生更幸福，更有成果，在家或者社区工作的男孩，获得了能力，觉得自己是社会有用的人，所以别人也喜欢他们。

2. The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people.

句型拆分：小时候的活动和成年后的结果，联系很明显。

中文翻译：小时候做的事，和成年后的结果，联系很明显，小时候做的活动越多，越容易和不同的人有好的关系，收入更高，失业的概率低很多。

3. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence — the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health.

句型拆分：小时候的活动，培养孩子的品质，是情绪健康的基础。

中文翻译：小时候的活动，帮孩子培养责任、独立、信心、能力，这些是情绪健康的基础，还能让他们明白，人要合作，为共同的目标努力。

阅读理解 D

原文

Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.

We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue (疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it is either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel.

Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.

Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical order (按字母顺序), never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day's work with the difficult task of essay-writing. Experience proved that the rule works.

Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can- then let the unconscious take over.

When planning Encyclopedia Britannica (《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after day I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable.

One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relieved, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.

An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.

Human beings, I believe, must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.

原文逐段解析

1. We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue (疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it is either too boring or too difficult.

句型拆分：两种疲惫，启动疲惫，就是拖延任务。

中文翻译：我们有两种疲惫：启动疲惫和执行疲惫，启动疲惫就是，我们一直拖延任务，因为它太无聊或者太难，拖得越久，越累。

2. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.

句型拆分：解决方法是先做最难的事。

中文翻译：解决方法很明显，虽然可能不容易做到：永远先做最难的事。

3. Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again.

句型拆分：执行疲惫，就是想开始，但是做不对，一直失败。

中文翻译：执行疲惫更难处理，你想开始，但是就是做不对，困难太大了，不管你怎么努力，一直失败，这时候，我就尽力工作，然后让潜意识来处理。

4. An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.

句型拆分：潜意识帮你找到了解决方法。

中文翻译：一个小时之后，我突然醒了，脑子里清楚地有了解决方法，之后，这个方法每一步都对，我还是那么努力，但是我不累了，成功的兴奋，就像之前失败的沮丧一样。

阅读表达

原文

I'm a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools.

My life improved remarkably when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. I went to a workshop and gradually got good at making things with clay (粘土). I could show my work to people and talk about it. I found that when I was creating something, I felt confident. I wasn't shy anymore.

I got my next lesson from rock climbing. It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start. I soon noticed it wasn't a talent thing; it was practice. So I did it more. After about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.

Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was literate.

Having gone through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I've got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting.

原文逐段解析

1. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools.

句型拆分：作者的学习障碍。

中文翻译：我34岁，已婚，有好房子，做教育顾问很成功，但是我的人生不是一直这么好，我小时候有学习障碍，我去了特殊学校，得到了很多帮助，但是剩下的学校日子，我还是很痛苦。

2. My life improved remarkably when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. I found that when I was creating something, I felt confident.

句型拆分：艺术改变了他。

中文翻译：我发现艺术之后，我的人生变好了，艺术给了我不用语言就能表达自己的机会，我发现，当我创作的时候，我很自信，我不再害羞了。

3. I soon noticed it wasn't a talent thing; it was practice. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.

句型拆分：攀岩让他明白，练习很重要。

中文翻译：我从攀岩学到了，这不是天赋的事，是练习，所以我练得更多，五年之后，我能爬优胜美地的大墙了，我明白了，如果你爱上一件事，一直做，你就会越来越好。

4. Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. After two hard years, I was literate.

句型拆分：他用这个经验，学会了读写。

中文翻译：然后我把这个经验用在学读写上，每天练习，两年之后，我会读写了。

作文

题目要求

假设你是晨光中学的学生会主席李津。一批来自英国的高中生与你校学生开展了为期两周的交流活动。现在，他们即将回国，你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。

• （1）回顾双方的交流活动（如学习、生活、体育、文艺等方面）；
• （2）谈谈收获或感想；
• （3）表达祝愿与期望。

注意：

1. 词数不少于100；
2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

满分范文

Dear friends,

How time flies! Two weeks has passed, and you are going back to your country. I'm Li Jin, chairman of the Student Union, and it's my great honor to give a speech for you today.

During the past two weeks, we had a wonderful time together. We studied together, shared different learning methods, played basketball and other sports together, and we also had a party where we sang and danced. We learned a lot about each other's culture.

I have learned a lot from this activity. I learned that different countries have different cultures, and we can learn from each other. I also made many new friends.

I hope you will have a good trip back home, and I hope we can keep in touch with each other. I'm looking forward to seeing you again in the future.

Thank you!

范文逐句解析

1. During the past two weeks, we had a wonderful time together. We studied together, shared different learning methods, played basketball and other sports together, and we also had a party where we sang and danced. We learned a lot about each other's culture.

句型拆分：回顾交流活动，符合题目的第一个要点，涵盖了学习、体育、文艺，逻辑清晰。

中文翻译：过去的两周，我们一起度过了很棒的时光，我们一起学习，分享不同的学习方法，一起打篮球和其他运动，我们还办了派对，一起唱歌跳舞，我们互相了解了很多对方的文化。

2. I have learned a lot from this activity. I learned that different countries have different cultures, and we can learn from each other. I also made many new friends.

句型拆分：谈谈收获和感想，符合题目的第二个要点。

中文翻译：我从这个活动里学到了很多，我明白了，不同的国家有不同的文化，我们可以互相学习，我还交了很多新朋友。

3. I hope you will have a good trip back home, and I hope we can keep in touch with each other. I'm looking forward to seeing you again in the future.

句型拆分：表达祝愿和期望，符合题目的第三个要点。

中文翻译：我希望你回家的旅途顺利，希望我们能保持联系，我期待未来能再见到你。

写作要点解析

1. 要点覆盖：完整覆盖了三个要求的要点：回顾活动、收获感想、祝愿期望，完全符合题目的要求。
2. 逻辑连贯：文章的顺序很清晰，先回顾，然后讲收获，然后讲祝愿，过渡自然，结构很清楚。
3. 词汇亮点：用了chairman, honor, culture这些合适的词汇，很地道。
4. 语法亮点：用了定语从句，语法多样，体现了水平。

易错点提醒

• 注意发言稿的格式，开头结尾要符合要求，题目已经给了，不要自己乱改。
• 不要遗漏要点，三个要点都要覆盖，不然会扣分，比如一定要讲学习、体育、文艺的活动，还有收获，还有祝愿。
• 注意时态，回顾过去的活动用过去时，现在的感想用现在时，未来的祝愿用将来时，不要用错时态。
• 注意不要提到真实的考生信息，题目里说了，不然会扣分。