2015 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 (天津卷) 英语 笔试

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My fiancé（未婚夫）and I were excited about shopping for our first home. But our funds were limited, and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.

One agent recommended a house in particular. Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was beyond our range, so we declined. But she kept urging us to have a look at least.

We finally did and it was love at first sight. It was Our Home, small and charming, overlooking a quiet lake. Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners, a nice elderly couple, we felt the warmth and happiness of the marriage within that home. As perfect as it was, the price remained too high for us. But every day, we would sit by the lake, looking at the house and dreaming of what it would be like to live there.

Days later, we made an offer far below the asking price. Surprisingly, they didn't laugh at us. They renewed their offer instead. It was also much more than we could afford, but far less than the original asking price.

The next day, we got a disappointing message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. Even so, we decided to talk with the owners directly. We made our final offer, which still was thousands of dollars less than the other buyer's bid. We knew it, but we had to try.

"Sold!" said the owner. Then he explained: He'd seen us sitting by the lake all those times; he knew how much we loved the place and that we'd appreciate the years of work they had put into their home; he realized he would take a loss by selling it to us, but it was worthwhile; we were the people they wanted to live there. He told us to consider the difference in the price "an early wedding present."

That's how we found our home and how I learned that when people are kind, they are not strangers, only friends we haven't yet met.

全文中文翻译

我和我的未婚夫，很兴奋地去买我们的第一个家，但是我们的钱有限，我们预算内的房子，没有一个满意的。

一个中介，特别推荐了一个房子，虽然她的描述听起来很棒，但是价格超出了我们的预算，所以我们拒绝了，但是她一直催我们，至少去看看。

我们最后去了，然后一见钟情，那就是我们的家，小小的，很可爱，能看到安静的湖，我们在房间里走，和房主，一对很好的老夫妻聊天，我们感受到了，这个家里，婚姻的温暖和幸福。虽然这个房子很完美，但是价格对我们来说还是太高了，但是每天，我们都会坐在湖边，看着那个房子，梦想住在那里会是什么样的。

几天之后，我们出了一个价，远低于他们的要价，没想到，他们没有嘲笑我们，反而，他们重新出了一个价，那个价格我们还是付不起，但是比原来的要价低多了。

第二天，我们收到了一个失望的消息，另一个买家出了高很多的价，尽管这样，我们还是决定直接和房主谈，我们出了最终的价，还是比另一个买家的报价低几千美元，我们知道，但是我们还是要试试。

“卖了！”房主说，然后他解释：他看到我们那些天一直坐在湖边，他知道我们有多爱这个地方，也知道，我们会珍惜他们为这个家付出的这么多年的努力，他意识到，卖给我们，他会亏一点，但是值得，我们就是他们想要的住在这里的人，他告诉我们，价格的差价，就当是提前的结婚礼物。

我们就是这样找到了我们的家，我也明白了，当人们善良的时候，他们就不是陌生人，只是我们还没认识的朋友。

阅读理解 A

原文

University Room Regulations

Approved and Prohibited Items

The following items are approved for use in residential (住宿的) rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers. Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.

Access to Residential Rooms

Students are provided with a combination (组合密码) for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others. The fee is $25 to change a room combination.

Cooking Policy

Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.

Pet Policy

No pets except fish are permitted in student rooms. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the student, are subject to an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet. Students receive written notice when the fine goes into effect. If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court.

Quiet Hours

Residential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the University. Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11:00 pm to 8:00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of $25.

原文逐段解析

1. Approved and Prohibited Items: The following items are approved for use in residential (住宿的) rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers.

句型拆分：列举允许和禁止的物品。

中文翻译：允许和禁止的物品：宿舍里允许用的物品有：电热毯、吹风机、电脑、收音机、电视、DVD播放器，禁止的有：蜡烛、吊扇、烟花、水床、太阳灯、无线路由器。

2. Access to Residential Rooms: Students are provided with a combination (组合密码) for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office may change the combination if you share it, the fee is $25.

句型拆分：关于房间密码的规定。

中文翻译：入住的时候，会给你房间的门锁密码，不要把密码告诉别人，如果发现你告诉别人，学校可以改密码，费用你出，改密码要25美元。

3. Cooking Policy: Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. With the exception of using a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.

句型拆分：做饭的规定。

中文翻译：有厨房的楼的学生，只能在厨房做饭，做完饭要自己打扫，保洁不会帮你，不干净的厨房会被关掉，除了用小微波炉热饭，宿舍里不能做饭。

4. Pet Policy: No pets except fish are permitted in student rooms. If you have pets, first fine $100, then $50 a day. If you don't remove it after a week, you会被送到学生法庭。

句型拆分：宠物的规定。

中文翻译：除了鱼，宿舍里不能养宠物，如果你养了，第一次罚100，然后每天50，一周之后你还不送走，就会被送到学生法庭。

5. Quiet Hours: Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11:00 pm to 8:00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am.

句型拆分：安静时间的规定。

中文翻译：安静时间：周日到周四，晚上11点到早上8点是安静时间，周五周六是凌晨1点到早上8点，违反的话罚25。

阅读理解 B

原文

Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo.

While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user.

The Jibo robot, arranged to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. The robot doesn't just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns about each individual in the household. It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos.

Social robots are not just finding their way into the home. They have potential applications in everything from education to health care and are already finding their way into some of these spaces.

Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the market. The company's "Oshbot" robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product's location in the store. It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for.

The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns. But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. "We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us," said Breazeal.

原文逐段解析

1. While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad.

句型拆分：对比家用机器人和社交机器人。

中文翻译：现在的家用机器人做家务，但是社交机器人，更像伙伴，而不是工具，比如，它们能分辨人是开心还是难过，这样就能更合适地回应你。

2. The Jibo robot, arranged to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks.

句型拆分：介绍Jibo机器人。

中文翻译：Jibo机器人，今年晚些时候就会上市，它是做个人助理的，你可以和它说话，问它问题，让它做不同的事，它不是给你通用的答案，而是根据家里每个人的情况来回应，它可以提醒老人吃药，或者拍全家福。

3. Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the market. The company's "Oshbot" robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product's location in the store.

句型拆分：介绍Oshbot机器人。

中文翻译：Fellow Robots是一个把社交机器人推向市场的公司，他们的Oshbot机器人，是用来在商店里帮顾客的，它能帮顾客找东西，带他们去商品的位置，还能说不同的语言，根据顾客买的东西推荐商品。

4. But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. "We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us," said Breazeal.

句型拆分：社交机器人不是代替工人，而是和我们一起工作。

中文翻译：但是Oshbot，和其他社交机器人一样，不是要代替工人，而是和员工一起工作，Breazeal说：“我们的技术，是训练社交机器人，不是为我们做事，而是和我们一起做事。”

阅读理解 C

原文

One day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem — inability to read.

In the library, I found my way into the "Children's Room." I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning, he was gone, given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him. I never forgot my beagle.

There on the book's cover was a beagle which looked identical (相同的) to my dog. I ran my fingers over the picture of the dog on the cover. My eyes ran across the title, Amos, the Beagle with a Plan. Unknowingly, I had read the title. Without opening the book, I borrowed it from the library for the summer.

Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read very, very slowly with difficulty. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.

My mother's call returned me to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book. Everyone knew I could not read. But I had read it. Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them.

I never told my mother about my "miraculous" (奇迹般的) experience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held.

原文逐段解析

1. One day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem — inability to read.

句型拆分：同位语，解释妈妈让我借书的原因。

中文翻译：我12岁的时候，有一天，妈妈让我去公共图书馆，至少借一本书回来，这是她用来治我的怪病的武器——我不会读书。

2. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child.

句型拆分：同位语，解释我的小狗。

中文翻译：一本书的封面吸引了我，上面有一只小猎犬的照片，我之前也有一只小猎犬，是我小时候第一个，也是唯一一个动物伙伴，他是我的秘密分享者，但是有一天，他被送走了，送给了有地方和钱养他的人，我永远忘不了他。

3. Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home.

句型拆分：定语从句，解释狗的故事。

中文翻译：在树荫下，我开始读Amos的故事，我读得很慢，很费劲，但是我看懂了，这个狗，和我的狗一样，和家人分开了，最后找到了回家的路，那只狗就是我的狗，我就是书里的小男孩。

4. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book. Everyone knew I could not read. But I had read it. Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them.

句型拆分：作者的感悟，他发现自己能读书了。

中文翻译：我突然意识到，我读完了一本书，而且我喜欢读这本书，所有人都觉得我不会读书，但是我读完了，书可以这么棒，我要读更多的书。

阅读理解 D

原文

Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I went to a friend. He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I've ever had: Be bold and brave - and mighty (强大的) forces will come to your aid.

Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.

Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you are sure you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas - even physical strength greater than most of us realize.

Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones. But they are more important than physical ones. A college classmate of mine, Tim, was an excellent football player, even though he weighed much less than the average player. "In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player, who had nothing but me between him and our goal line," said Tim. "I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet (子弹) - and stopped him cold."

Boldness - a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme - is not one that can be acquired overnight. But it can be taught to children and developed in adults. Confidence builds up. Surely, there will be setbacks (挫折) and disappointments in life; boldness in itself is no guarantee of success. But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds.

So, always try to live a little bit beyond your abilities - and you'll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.

原文逐段解析

1. Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all.

句型拆分：宾语从句that...，作者的感悟。

中文翻译：那些话让我明白，我以前失败，很少是因为我尝试了然后失败了，通常是因为，我害怕失败，所以根本没尝试。

2. Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you are sure you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas.

句型拆分：解释勇敢是什么。

中文翻译：勇敢，就是决定去做那些你不确定能不能做到的事，那些强大的力量没什么神秘的，就是我们拥有的潜力：精力、技能、判断力、创意，甚至比我们以为的更强的体力。

3. Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones. But they are more important than physical ones. I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet - and stopped him cold.

句型拆分：举例子，精神的力量。

中文翻译：当然，这些力量是精神的，但是比身体的更重要，我的大学同学Tim，是个很棒的橄榄球运动员，虽然他比别人轻很多，有一次，他面对一个很大的对手，他很害怕，但是闭上眼睛，像子弹一样扑过去，把对方拦住了。

4. Boldness - a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme - is not one that can be acquired overnight. But it can be taught to children and developed in adults. Confidence builds up.

句型拆分：勇敢是可以慢慢培养的。

中文翻译：勇敢，愿意挑战极限，不是一夜之间就能有的，但是可以教给孩子，大人也可以培养，信心会慢慢建立起来。

阅读表达

原文

Six days a week, up and down the red hills of northeast Georgia, my grandfather brought the mail to the folks there. At age 68, he retired from the post office, but he never stopped serving the community.

On his 80th birthday, I sent him a letter, noting the things we all should be thankful for - good health, good friends and good outcomes. By most measurements he was a happy man. Then I suggested it was time for him to slow down. At long last, in a comfortable home, with a generous pension, he should learn to take things easy.

"Thank you for your nice words," he wrote in his letter back, "and I know what you meant, but slowing down scares me. Life isn't having it made; it's getting it made."

"The finest and happiest years of our lives were not when all the debts were paid, and all difficult experiences had passed, and we had settled into a comfortable home. No. I go back years ago, when we lived in a three-room house, when we got up before daylight and worked till after dark to make ends meet. I rarely had more than four hours of sleep. But what I still can't figure out is why I never got tired, never felt better in my life. I guess the answer is, we were fighting for survival, protecting and providing for those we loved. What matters are not the great moments, but the partial victories, the waiting, and even the defeats. It's the journey, not the arrival, that counts."

The letter ended with a personal request: "Boy, on my next birthday, just tell me to wake up and get going, because I will have one less year to do things - and there are ten million things waiting to be done."

Christina Rossetti, an English poet, once said: "Does the road wind uphill all the way? Yes, to the very end." Today, at 96, my grandfather is still on that long road, climbing.

原文逐段解析

1. Six days a week, up and down the red hills of northeast Georgia, my grandfather brought the mail to the folks there. At age 68, he retired from the post office, but he never stopped serving the community.

句型拆分：介绍爷爷的工作。

中文翻译：一周六天，在佐治亚东北的红山之间，我爷爷给那里的人送邮件，68岁的时候，他从邮局退休了，但是他从来没停止服务社区。

2. Then I suggested it was time for him to slow down. At long last, in a comfortable home, with a generous pension, he should learn to take things easy.

句型拆分：我建议他休息。

中文翻译：然后我建议他，该慢下来了，终于，他有了舒服的家，有丰厚的退休金，他该放松一下了。

3. "Life isn't having it made; it's getting it made." What matters are not the great moments, but the partial victories, the waiting, and even the defeats. It's the journey, not the arrival, that counts."

句型拆分：爷爷的人生感悟。

中文翻译：“谢谢你的话，”他回信说，“我知道你是什么意思，但是慢下来让我害怕，人生不是已经做好了，而是正在做，重要的不是那些伟大的时刻，而是那些小胜利、等待，甚至失败，是过程，不是结果，才重要。”

4. Today, at 96, my grandfather is still on that long road, climbing.

句型拆分：爷爷还在努力。

中文翻译：今天，96岁的爷爷，还在那条长路上，攀登。

作文

题目要求

假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李津，你校拟向美国友好交流学校的中文班捐赠一批图书。请根据以下提示，写一封邮件与中文班班长Chris联系，并告知将于今年七月赴对方学校参加夏令营时带去赠书。

• （1）自我介绍；
• （2）拟捐赠图书的类型、册数、用途等；
• （3）询问对方的其他需求。

注意：

1. 词数不少于100；
2. 请适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。

参考词汇：学生会 the Student Union

满分范文

Dear Chris,

I'm Li Jin, chairman of the Student Union of Chenguang High School. I'm writing to tell you that we are going to donate some books to your Chinese class.

We will bring the books to you this July, when we go to your school for the summer camp. The books include different kinds of Chinese story books, magazines and textbooks, there are 500 books in total. We hope these books can help you learn more about Chinese language and culture, and make your Chinese class more interesting.

We wonder if you have any other needs. If you need anything else, please tell us, we will try our best to help you.

I'm looking forward to meeting you this July.

Yours,
Li Jin

范文逐句解析

1. I'm Li Jin, chairman of the Student Union of Chenguang High School. I'm writing to tell you that we are going to donate some books to your Chinese class.

句型拆分：自我介绍，符合题目的第一个要点。

中文翻译：我是李津，晨光中学的学生会主席，我写信是告诉你，我们要给你们的中文班捐一些书。

2. We will bring the books to you this July, when we go to your school for the summer camp. The books include different kinds of Chinese story books, magazines and textbooks, there are 500 books in total. We hope these books can help you learn more about Chinese language and culture, and make your Chinese class more interesting.

句型拆分：介绍捐赠的图书的类型、册数、用途，符合题目的第二个要点，逻辑清晰。

中文翻译：我们今年七月去你们学校参加夏令营的时候，会把书带给你们，这些书有不同的中文故事书、杂志、课本，一共500本，我们希望这些书能帮你们更多地了解中文和中国文化，让你们的中文课更有趣。

3. We wonder if you have any other needs. If you need anything else, please tell us, we will try our best to help you.

句型拆分：询问对方的其他需求，符合题目的第三个要点。

中文翻译：我们想知道，你们还有没有其他的需求，如果你还需要什么，告诉我们，我们会尽力帮你。

写作要点解析

1. 要点覆盖：完整覆盖了三个要求的要点：自我介绍、捐赠图书的情况、询问需求，完全符合题目的要求。
2. 逻辑连贯：文章的顺序很清晰，先介绍自己，然后讲捐赠的书，然后问需求，过渡自然，结构很清楚。
3. 词汇亮点：用了chairman, donate, summer camp这些合适的词汇，很地道。
4. 语法亮点：用了宾语从句、时间状语从句，语法多样，体现了水平。

易错点提醒

• 注意电子邮件的格式，开头结尾不要写错。
• 不要遗漏要点，三个要点都要覆盖，不然会扣分，比如一定要讲书的类型、数量、用途，还有问对方的需求。
• 注意时态，介绍现在的情况用现在时，介绍未来的用将来时，不要用错时态。
• 注意不要提到真实的考生信息，题目里说了，不然会扣分。